Automatic nailing-machine.



T. G. CUMMINGS.

AUTOMATIC NAILING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 4. 1911.

Patentd Sept. 8, 1914.

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T. CUMMINGS. AUTOMATIC mums momma. APPLICATION FILED JAN.4,1911. 1 109 739, Patented Sept. 8. 1914 10 SHEETSfiHBET 2.

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T. G. CUMMINGS. AUTOMATIC NAILING MACHINE.

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AUTOMATIC NAILING MACH 'E.

APPLICATION FILED JANA, 1911.

Patented Sept. 8, 1914.

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T. G. CUMMINGS. AUTOMATIC NA'ILING MACHINE= APPLICATION FILED JAN. 4, 1911. 1,109,739. Patented Sept. 8, 1914.

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Patented Sept. 8, 191% 10 SHEBTS SHEET 8.

T. G. CUMMINGS. AUTOMATIC NAILING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JANv 4, 1911v 1,109,739.

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T. G. CUMMINGS.

AUTOMATIC NAILING MACHINE.

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APPLICATION FILED JANA, 1911. 1,109,789. Patented Sept.8,1914

' UNITED s'raa ss PiFENT OFFICE.

THOMAS G. CUMMLNGS, OF FARGO, NORTH DAKOTA, ASSIGNOR QF ONE-HALF TO.

' PATRICK GRANT, OF GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN.

AUTOMATIC NAILING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application tiled January 4., 1911.

Patented Sept. 8, 1914. Serial No. 600,773

the design of a machine that will drive nails through any hard material or series of materials, the nails being driven singly and spaced at. adjustable predetermined intervals. My device is designed to drive nails through'thin sheet metal if necessary and to clench the nails on the inside of the material nailed. The nailing mechanismand holder for the material to he nailed are each made adjustable, one automatical ly and the other by hand in order to-gire acleess to all parts of the surface to he nailed.

This machine is not exclusively, adapdcd' for securing the frame and parts'toget herin the manufacture of trunks.

In the drawings with which I have illustrated my machine. and which form part of my specification, F ignites 1 and 2 are side elevations of my machine; Fig. 3 is an end view of the front or nailing end of my machine; Fig. 4 is a sectional plan showing the propelling mechanism; Figs. 5 and 6 are en-lztrged elevations of the nailing head showing two positions of the driver; Fig. 7 is an end elevation f the head as shown in Fig. 62' Fig. 8 is a. s lrtion on the line X-X, Fig. 6; Fig. 9 is a silction on the line YY, Fig. 6; Figs. 10 to 14 inclsivc are enlarged detailsof the nail feed; ig. 15 is av enlarged section on the line ZZ, Fig. 12; Fig. 16 is a plan of the nail holder; Fig.1? is a front view of the same; Fig. 18 is a frhnt iew of the nail holder in tonnection with the driver, and Fig. 19 is a detail of the pro pelling mechanism. In 'a general way my dctb lce consists of a supporting frame A carrf'iug av movable trunk frame F) su 'ipo'i'ting trunk and a traveling uailcr C. idlur niiilcr is made up of a base D carrying the, lateral propelling mwthanisms E and F and a head G movable (1,: the base D and zt rarrying the backward propelling mechanism ll and forward pro-- prticularly, although polling mechanism 1, a, driving mechanism J, a nail. holder K, and a nail feed M.

Supporting frama.-The supportingframe A. which supports the nailer C'consists of suitable legs 2 with braces 3, resting on sills 4 which also carry the trunk frame -B. Brackets 5 attached to the legs 2 by bolts 6 and spaced apart by the cross frame 8, have boxes 9 at their extremities-in which is journaled a wer shaft 10- The top frame consis'ts of ront and back pieces 1-1 and 12 hav 7 ing laterally extending grooves 13: inwhieh slide'tongues 14 fixed tothe under side of the base D.

Act'uati'ng mcolzamlim.-An operating shaft 15 is journ'aled in supports 18, 19 and 20 on the nailer head G. A sprocket wheel 21: is keyed onthe rear end of the operating shaft 15 and is connected bya sprocket chain 22- with a sprocket 23 on the slip shaft 24.,.The sprocket chain 22 passes between two idle pulleys 25 mounted on the yoke 28 (see Fig. 7) which is bolted to the support 20. Theshaft24 isjournaled in'the yoke bearings 29 and 30 (see Figs. 4 6) be tween which lies the sprocket 23 atta tdied to the shaft by a feather 31' allowing the move ment of the sprocket 23 along the'shaft 24 in the forward and back movement of the ed thereon and on the power shaft 10, carrying the bevel gear 33 on'the end of the slip shaft 24 and the intermesh'ing bevel gear 1 34 which slides on a feather 35 on the power shaft 10. 1

Lateral propelling mechanisms-The relation of the parts allows a lateral motion of the nailei'" G and the base D parallel with the power shaft 10. This moveinent is secured through the lateralropelling mechanisms E and F which, in erati'on, move the nailer in opposite directions. Tl e'mech anism E consists ofa longitudinal shaft 38 journaled on the side-6f the liase 'D'and having a pinion 39 at either end eshing with a rack 40 (see Fig. '7) mounte on the frame A. A ratchet wheel 41 i mounted on the shaft 38 to operate it. and is driven by a pallet 42 pivoted to the arm 43w'hi'chslides longitudinally on the rock shaft 44. The rock shaft. 44 is' carried bythe head G and operates the backward propelling mechanism H while the arm 43 is held in the same relation tothebaSeE'Dby. ,bstsffi on either side; which are fixed in a rame 18 integral with the base "rotation of the arm 43 with the-starters insuredflby thejsquare "cross-section ofthe shaft see Fig. 8).

The rock'shaft 4:4 is operated trom the 0perat-in shaft by a system of levers and links riven byagarn e9. (see Fig. 6) which is mounted on the sharpie The cam 49 at each revolution ofthe shaft 15"f0rces down the follower 50 which is formed with connection to the lever 5,31and its lower end 61. is positioriedlaterallyby a guide plate 62 through whichlitpasses and which is slidablehorizontally. The guideplate 62 is controlled byiavertical lever 63 pivoted on the head G and havingits lower end '64 fitted to a recessin the guide plate. The upper 'endfifjof the leverufiii is operated bya link (3.8 connecting to'- a-,crank 69 "on the hand lever 702(see Figs; '6 and 8). The operation of the hand lever 70 p;osit'ions.the lower end -61 of the-plunger. 59 over theends 71 0f either of 't wo similar levers 72'. and 73 or between them where ineither lever is operable by rth-e action of-the plunger 59. The

levcr-7 2 ispivoted between its ends upon the;

head Gandcarrie s atits rear end 74 a link 75: connecting w th an arm .78 (see Fig. 7) on the end of the rock shaft i l to operate it. The-return' movement of the rock shaft 44 secured, by a tension sprin 79 attached 7 tothe arm 78 and to the base The lower end of the pallet 42 which ongages the ratchet wheel 41 moves inthe slot 80 in a guide 81 which is attached to the base D atone end. The end of the pallet is.

connected to the base D ya tension spring 96 which tends to hold; the pallet 42 upon the ratchet wheel 41., on the guide 81 is pivoted a disengaging bar 82 the movement of which forces the bevel side 83 of the bar against the pallet (12 and moves the pallet out. of engagement with-the ratchetwheel 1.1. The disengaginf bar 82 is controlled by'a hand lever 8 1 see Fig. 1) pivoted on the base i) and operating a link 85 which connects the lever 8 1 and bar 83. The operation of the hand lever 84 disen gaging the pallet 12 permits the operation 55' the rock shai't 44 and its connected mechanism ll without moving the mechanism Inothe'r words the nailer head G can be moved backward Without being moved sideways.

The lateral propelling mechanism F is similar to E in all its parts which are positioned symmetrically with respect to E about the axis of the nailer vG. The operation of the machanism F is secured from the operating shaft 15 through the plunger" 59 .r

and lever 73 by operating'the handlever 70 to throw the plunger 59 into connection with the lever 73.

Longitudinal propelling mechanism}- The mechanisms H and I for the longitudi nal movement of the nailer head consist of stud shafts88 fixedin the head G and lying transversely thereof each carryingia pin ion 89 engaging a rack 90 mounted on the base D by means of which the. movement of the head G relative to the base D may be secured. Guide strips 91 on the .base prevent lateral movement of the head upon the'base, and a beveled tongue 92 sliding in a groove 93 in the base D prevents the lifting of the head G from thebase D. In connection with the pinions aretwo'oppositely directed ratchet wheels 94 and 95 (see Figs 1, 2 and 8), one in connection with each pinion 89, operated by pallets 96 andj97 respec-' tively. The pinions are integralwitli'the ratchet wheels and are jou'rnaled .on. the shafts 88p n .2; g

The pallet. 96 of the-mechanism Hnioves in-a slot 98 in a guide" bar 99 (see Fig. 1) which pivoted at one endto' the head G and is controlled by a transverse bellcrank 100 (see Fig. 8) pivoted on the head, having one arm, 101 engaging ,a-slot. in the end of the guide bar and the (lthCiXlQQ connected by a link 103 to a cranltlO-"on the rock shaft 105. The rock shaft105 is operated by its connected crank 10,8,"link 109 and the hand lever 110 carried by the head G and attached to the link 109. The upward movement of the crank lOraisos the guidebar 99 and throws the pallet 96 out-of, engagement with the ratchet wheel 94 where it is normally held by a tension spring 111 connecting the guide bar 99 with the head G. The pallet 961s pivoted to a bell crank 112 pivoted on the head G and operated by the arm 113 on the'rock shaft44,'through'the link 114. Figs. 1, .2'and 8 show the pallets 96 and 97 in their disengaged positions.

The pallet 97 of the mechanism I moves in the guide bar 115 connected and operated similarly to the bar 99 in the mechanism H.

The pallet 97 (see Figs. 2 and 8) is con- MTG-(l through a bell crank 11S'to a link 119 and the arm 113 of the rock shaft .4 4 on its' respective side of the nailcr. The bell crank 118 is provided with upwardly extending arms so that the downward movement of the rock shaft arm 113 produces a forward movement of the ratchet wheel.

The operation of the proper hand lever 110 and rock shaft 44 will thus move the nailer head G forward or back while the adjustment of the lever 53 in the brackets 54 determines the distance traveled by each movement of the pallet 96 or 97.

Nail 'dm'vingmeehanism.-The driving mechanism J consists of a vertical rod 122 mounted slidably at the extreme front of the nailer head. The lower end 123 of the rod 122'ie recessed to receive a removable driving point 124 which is in extension of the reciprocating driving rod 122 and is held. in positionv by a suitable pin 125. The upper endof the rod is guided by an apertured' bracket 128i attached to the head G and is pivoted to one end of a walking beam 129 which is fulcrumed in the support 18 and whose other end 130 passes through a guide slot 131 (see Fig. 5) in the support 19 and engages the grooved cam wheel 132 fixed on the operating shaft 15. The cam groove 133 of the, cam wheel 132 provides av long and short reciprocation of the walking beam 129 and driver rod 122 at each revolution of the shaft 15, .of which the long motion is utilized to drive a nail 134 held by the holder K and the short motion is used to o erate the punch 135 connected with the hol er K.

A supporting bar 240 is fixed to the nailer head G extending forward and carrying at its extremitydirectly beneath the driver rod 122, a clencher post 241 of metahhaving a fiat. upper surface 242 (see Fig. 5) to carry the material 152 to be nailed and to clench the points of nails 134 driven through the material. The post 241 is adjustable vertically in the bar 240 by a nut 243 threaded on the post. The post 241 carries a swing frame 244 having slots in its sides in which slide the bearings 248 ,of an antifriction wheel 249 which is supported by springs 250.

This wheel 249 is fitted to support the side of a trunk N to be nailed, to allow its movement laterally for adjustment. i

The nail holder K consists of a longitudinally reciprocating frame 138 (see Figs. 6 and 16) carried by a guide bracket 139 fixed to the head G and a recess 140 in the head which permits a free longitudinal movement of the frame. 133 carries a pair of obliquely disposed lateral spring jaws 141. which are spaced apart in their middle portion 142 to allow the passage of the driving point 124 and at their forward extremities 143 are recessed to 'i'cc ivc and hold. a nail 134 delivered by the nail feed pipe 144, the recessed extremities 143 being held together by the spring of the jaws. Tho recess 14:? of the jaws 141 so shaped that a nail dropping in point first from the top, is hold fast by its head at the constricted part of the recess until the driving point 124 enters the recess and starts to drive the nail. The driving point 121 in its The front end of the frame farther descent spreads the jaws 141 until they clear the hea d of the nail and the driving operation is completed.

Punching mechanism.Beloyv the. frame 138 of the holden filies-the punch bar 148 pivoted to the friime 138 atone end and carrying at its other end the dependent conical punch point 135 which lies between the spaced apart jaws directly behind their receased extremities 143. The punch bar 148 moves between guides 149 which are integral with the slotted. bracket 139 and is operated when in its roper position by the driving point 124 of the nailer which presses down upon it directlyabove the punch point 135. The bar 148 is held normally in position by a compression spring 150 lying between it and the jaws 141 and after being operated is raised by a oke 151 pivoted to the bar 148 and to the walking beam 129 of the nailer G which raises the punch 135 out of engagement with the material 152 into which it has been forced. The movement of the frame 138 longitudinally to bring. the recessed jaws 143 into the proper relation with the nail feed 149 and later with the driving point 124, and to bring the punch 135 under the driving point 124, is secured by a vertical walking beam 153 fulcrumed in a bracket 154 on the nailer head G having its lower end 155 pivoted on the frame 138 and its upper end 158 engaging a grooved cam wheel 159 on the operating shaft 15.. The groove 160 of'the cam wheel 159 is so formed that the recessed jaws 143 of the holder K are presented at the nail feed 1 44 and the unch 1.35 is brought under 'the driving point 124 at the moment. the nailer 122 starts its short or punch stroke and the jaws are again moved with the recess 145 under the driving point 124 as the nailer 122 starts its.

long or driving stroke. The return movement of the frame 138 is assisted by the hinged plate 161 operated by the spring 162 into impingement against the pin 163 (see Fig. 5) fixed in the top of the frame 138.

Nail feeding mcclzamLs-m.-Nails are pre sented to the holder K singly by the nail.

feed M through the feed pipe 144 which is carried on the front of the nail bead and has its delivery opening 164 'in front of the driving point 124 and directly above the recess 145 whcnthe holder K is in its forward position. The upper end of the feed pipe 144 has aslot 165 (see Fig. 13) in its side to redqlve the body 166 of the nail 134 held vertical. The nails l34'are carried by gravity down a cbutc 168 from the nailhopper 169. The chute 168 is formed with a substantially rectangular cross section having a continuous slot 170 in its bottom 171 and extending from the hopper 169 to the feed pipe 144 and of sullicicnt width to reccivc the body 166 of a nail hanging vertical with its hcad 172 within the chute 168. At

its lower end 173 the slotted-bottom 171 of the chute 168 is extended over the upper end of the feed pipe 144 and the slot 170 widened at that point to an aperture 174 large enough to permit a nail head 172 to pass through, dropping the nail into the pipe 144, point first.

.Between the lower end 173 ofthe chute 168 and the feed pipe144 is interposed a plate 175 having an opening 178-to register with the pipe 144' and aperture 174 of the chute slot, and a diagonal slit 179 extending from this opening 178 to the rear edge of the plate out of alinement' with the" slots 170 and 165 in the chute and pipe. This plate'175 constitutes the nail feed control. By moving the plate 175 latera1ly the rear portion of the slit 179 may be brought into alincment with the slots 170 and 165-in the chute and pipe permitting a single nail body descending the chute 168 by gravity to en ter the sauce thus o giened. The return movement of the plate 17? cuts oh the descent of the nails which follow and causes the nail in the slit 1'79 to more along it and at the same time traverse the slot- 170 in the chute bottom. \Vhen the nail reaches the aperture 178 in the plate. that aperture registers with the feed pipe 111 and the aperture 174 and the nail 131i isfree to fall. In this way nails are fed singly to the feed pipe 144 and into the holder K.

The controlling or cut off plate 175 slides in a groove 180 of the head and under the guide plate 181 and is operated by a pin 182 (see Fig. 13) on the driver rod 122 d nring the driving stroke of the rod. In its downward movement the pin 182 carries with it the lower arm 133 of the hell crank lever 181 which has ne arm 13?) engaging the food control plate ITS. 'lheplatc 173 is thus movrd int the position shown in Fig. I) to rcceivca nail 134 from the chute 143R. 'lhc, pin I92 in its upward movement impinges onlhe upper arm 1%? oi 'the lever and reverses the movement of the plate 175 rarrving; the nail 131 to the feed pipe 14-1 as dcserilmd in the previous paragraph. The, upper andlower arms 18;. and 18% are so spaced that during; the succeeding short stroke of the drircr rod lit! the pin 182 does not reach the lower arm 182) and does not operate the plate 175 until the next succeeding drive stroke. By positiouiugthc pin 18?, on the driver rod 1.22 the dropping of the nail 134' is suitably timed with respect to the action of the holder K.

Nails are supplied to the chute 168 from the rci'rtangula r nail hopper 169 formed with a longitudinal slot 189 in its bottom 190 and in aliucment with the slot 170 of the chute 168. The slot 189 is formed to re ccivc the body 166 of a nail and to allow it 10 slide down to ward the chute 168. The hopper 169 ha. a removable cover 1S1 which may be fastened in a closed position in aiiy" desirable manner, and pivoted at its forward end on a trans rse support 192 fixed to the support 19 on the nailer head G and is oscillated in a vertical plane by an agitator 193 loosely journaled on the operating shaft 15 and operated by rods 194v pivoted to the arm 195 ofthe agitator 193 and to the lever 53.

In my device as. shown. the nail'feed M is designed for two kinds of nails and is provided with two hoppers 169, chutes 168,

control openings 179- and feed pipes 144;

either chute 168 and open the otherfoneo The agitator 193 is designecl ac n-dingly, having two arms 195 which alternately raise and lower the rear ends of the nailhoppers 169 above and below the horizontal position, thus agitating the loose nails thereinand allowing them to fall into the slots 189 and -teed into the chutes 168 in axverticalpositicn. The number of hoppers 169 may be changed without in any way modifying the action of our device.

Tmm-lc carrier.-On the sills 4 of the frame A are two tracks 204 of triangular cross section extending from the legs 2 to the ends of the sills 4 and fitting grooves 205 in a transverse table 208' which rests on them and-which is moved longitudinally of the nailer by a hand lever 209 (see Fig. 1) mounted on :1 rock shaft 210 which is journaled in the frame A and which transmits its motion to arms-211 and links 212 which are connected to the transverse table 208 to operate it. "lhelevcr 209 is fitted with a -spring latch 213 engaging a rack 2H attached to the frame On the transverse table 208 are two traliks 2mm triangular cross section extending transversely of the nailer. 'lhese tracks 2-15 carry the trunk frame B .vh ichnnisists of rectangular top and bottom frames 218 andgQlt) spaced apart vertically by corner postfK ZfZO. The frame B is supported on grooved wheels 5221 traveling on the tracks 21;") and journaledon shafts 222 fixed in the bottom frame 219. Thextranss verse position of the frame B is dete ri'nined by the operator who ino csit on the wheels 221 as desired and can lock it in position by means of a brake shoe 223 which enghges one of the wheels 221; ,Ihe fshoe 223 is mounted on a rod 224 slid'able on the'pin 225 fixed in the frame A, and operated by the hand lever 22% to which'it ispivotcd and which is fulcrumed on the lug Q29 Oli the psost 220 of the frame B; \Vithin the frame is a horizontal platform 230 vertically ad- 'justable on vertical screws 231 operating in threads in lugs 232 on the endsof the platengaging its sides and has a set screw 252 in one of its ends 251 to fix the clamp in any desired position against the end of the trunk N, to prevent its movement transversely of the nailer. A sliding stop 253 mounted on the clamp 257 has a set screw 254 fixing it adjustably on the clamp 257-and a lug 255 engaging tli e side of the trunk N to ho d it against the 'side piece 256 of the top frame 218 and prevent its motion longitudinally of the nailer.

By the operation of the lever 209 and the crank 238 on the movable frame B the trunk N can be adjusted to nail any portion of its upper surface-and can be clamped-in. that position by the clamp 257, stop 253 and the brake lever 228. For the operation of the nailer the lovers ?0 and 110 control the for ward and'back motions, and levers 70 and 84 control the laterai motions white the adjustment of the lever 58 controlsltheextent of these motions and the spacing, ,ef the nails in the trunk. f

A trunk N and its sheathing ixi'aixerial to be nailed, is placed in the frametB and adjusted under the driver. The lpiropelling mechanisms are adjusted for a lhn'gitudinal or transverse series of nails as detailed. The nail hoppers are filled with this required sizes of nails and the stop 1.98 positioned to pass nails from the hopper from which nails are to be used immediatelj. The opcrating mechanism is set in mo ion and the In accordance with the patent statutes I have described the principles of operation of my invention together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof but I desire to have it understood thatthe construction shown is only illustrative and that the invention can be carried out by other means and applied to uses other than those above set orth within the scope of the following claims;

llaving described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is 2- 1. In a. nail setting machine, a supporting frame, a driving mechanism mounted on said frame and havinga nail driver, a nail feed adapted to deliver a nail adjacent to said nail driver, a nail holder adapted to hold a nail in. a driving position, a punch.

adaptedto form an aperture for a nail, means forpresenting said holder to said nail feed to receive a nail and to said nail driver to drive said nail, and means for bringing said punch into coaction with said nail driver to punch a hole for said nail.

'2. In a. nail setting machine, a support, a nail driving head on said machine having a driver, and a nail holder andpunch cooperating therewith,- means on said support to move said head longitudinally and laterally thereof step by step, a holding frame mounted on said support to cooperate with said driving head and meansconnected therewith to position. the same longitudinally or latorally on said support. I

3. A nail setting machine, comprising in combination, a support, a drive shaft mounted on said frame, a pair of cam wheels mounted on said shaft, a nail driver mounted on said support and operated by one of said cam wheels, a nail holder having a punch connected therewith, and both xnovable into operative relation with said nail drivenloy means of the othe of said cam wheels and a nail feed for loose nails adapted to deliver a nail to said holder in one position thereof during the operation ofsaid punch, said holder then moving to position said nail under said driver.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

THOMAS G. CUMMINGS.

Witnesses: v

JonN MOUTON, HANS J. PETERSEN. 

